Coaxial Cable

Coaxial Cable: 

It has four layer - 
* Solid copper wire in its core
* Plastic foam or Insulator
* Shield made of copper mess or plastic
* Jacket

There are two types of Coaxial Cable. Thicknet & Thinnet.

a) Thicknet:
* Width = 1/3 inch
* Bandwidth = 10 Mbps
* Range = 500 meters

In short definition it called 10 Base 5

Here 10 means Data transmission rate or bandwidth in Mbps

The unit to measure bandwidth is bit

8-bit = 1 Byte
1024 Byte = 1 kilobyte

1024 kilobyte = 1 Megabyte

1024 Megabyte = 1 Gigabyte

1024 Gigabyte = 1 Terabyte

Note that, B means Byte and b means bit. So Mbps means megabit per second. It is MBps or MBPS then we will know that it is megabyte per second.

Generally we calculate speed in bit / second. So if we see 2 KB that’s mean bandwidth is 2 * 8 = 16 Kbps.

Base means signaling method. Only one signal can transmit on Base band and more than one signal can transmit though broadband Transmission.

5 means range of cable in 100 meter. So thin net can transmit data 5 * 100 = 500 meters

If we want to carry data more than the length, then we have to use a Repeater to prevent attenuation (loss of electric signal strength across time and distance is called attenuation).

Robert Metcalfe developed in 1973 with thick coaxial cable at a distance of 1 kilometer.

b) Thin net:

Example: Dish wire. Popular in 1990.

      Width = 1/4 Inch

Bandwidth=10 Mbps

Range=185 meters

In short definition it called 10 Base 2

Here 10 means Data transmission rate or bandwidth Mbps

Base means signaling method. Only one signal can transmit on Base band and more than one signal can transmit though broadband Transmission.

2 means range of cable in 100 meter. So thin net can transmit data 2*100=200 meters (actual 185 meters)

Coaxial cables are categorized by their Radio Guide (RG) ratings. Each cable defined by an RG rating is adapted for a specialized function. There are many categories cable in coaxial. mostly uses categories are -

Category	Impedance	Use
RG-59	75 W	Cable TV
RG-58	50 W	Thin Ethernet
RG-11	50 W	Thick Ethernet

RG-59 is now mostly used category


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